US NIH begins early human clinical trial of VSV Ebola vaccine

Human testing of a second investigational Ebola vaccine candidate is underway at the National Institutes of Health’s Clinical Centre in Bethesda, Maryland, US.

Researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) are conducting the early phase trial to evaluate the vaccine, called VSV-ZEBOV, for safety and its ability to generate an immune system response in healthy adults who are given two intramuscular doses, called a prime-boost strategy. The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) is simultaneously testing the vaccine candidate as a single dose at its Clinical Trials Centr e in Silver Spring, Maryland.

'The need for a vaccine to protect against Ebola infection is urgent,' said NIAID Director Anthony Fauci. 'NIH welcomes the opportunity to collaborate with the US Department of Defense to conduct human clinical tests of another promising — and hopefully, successful – Ebola vaccine candidate.'

Early human testing of another investigational Ebola vaccine co-developed by NIAID and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) began in early September. Initial data on safety and immunogenicity from clinical trials of the NIAID/GSK Ebola vaccine are expected by the end of this year.

NIH welcomes the opportunity to collaborate with the US Department of Defense to conduct human clinical tests of another promising Ebola vaccine candidate

The VSV-ZEBOV vaccine candidate was developed by researchers at the Public Health Agency of Canada’s National Microbiology Laboratory. It has been licensed to NewLink Genetics Corp through its wholly owned subsidiary BioProtection Systems, both based in Ames, Iowa.

'Canada has long been a world leader in Ebola research and innovation. Scientists at Canada's National Microbiology Lab developed this Ebola vaccine, following years of hard work. We hope the clinical trial at the National Institutes of Health proves to be safe and effective, so that the Canadian Ebola vaccine can be used as a global resource to help save lives and end this complex outbreak in West Africa,' said Canada’s Minister of Health Rona Ambrose.

VSV-Zebov is based in part on a genetically engineered version of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which primarily affects rodents, cattle, pigs and horses. Human VSV infections are rare and generally produce three to four days of mild illness. In the VSV-ZEBOV investigational vaccine, the gene for the outer protein of the vesicular stomatitis virus has been replaced with a segment of the gene for the outer protein of the Zaire Ebola virus species. The investigational VSV-ZEBOV vaccine cannot cause a vaccinated individual to become infected with Ebola.

The NIH Phase 1 clinical trial of the VSV-ZEBOV vaccine candidate will enrol 39 healthy adults aged 18 to 65 years. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups with 13 participants each. In each group, 10 participants will receive the investigational VSV-ZEBOV vaccine; three will receive a placebo. Each of the three groups will receive a different, escalating dose of the investigational vaccine, with the first group enrolled receiving the lowest dose and the third group enrolled receiving the highest dose. Study participants will receive an injection of the VSV-ZEBOV vaccine or placebo at their first scheduled visit and again, at the same dosage level, 28 days later.

While NIAID tests the VSV-ZEBOV vaccine candidate as a prime-boost strategy, WRAIR is evaluating the investigational vaccine as a single injection. This is being done to evaluate in real time the safety profile of the investigational vaccine when provided at different dosages and compare the immune responses induced by one or two injections.

Initial safety and immune response data on the VSV-ZEBOV vaccine are expected by the end of this year.